Kassák, Lajos Érsekújvár, 1887 - 1967, Budapest
Painter, typographer, writer, poet, ideologist, and the most important personality of the Hungarian avant-garde for over three decades, he was a significant figure of modernism internationally. A train of literary and artistic management begun with the establishment of the journal Tett [Action] in 1915, which when banned was followed by the starting up of the activist journal MA, whose editorial office gave a space to the many exhibitions between 1916 and 1919. After the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919 he moved to Vienna, where the publication of MA was continued, and the volume under the title of "The book of the new artist" edited together with László Moholy-Nagy came out in 1922, in both Hungarian and German languages, exerting notable effect. Kassák worked out his theory of architectural imagery in the twenties, while composing a number of watercolours, collages and duplicable graphic works. Many of his poems and architectural images appeared in "The Book of Purity" in 1926. He continued his editorial work by establishing the "Dokumentum" upon returning to Hungary, while a loose group of intellectuals and writers formed around the journal Munka [Work] that ran between 1928 and 1939, later joined by artists as well. Kassák was a founding member of the European School in 1945. When his literary work was banned in the 1950s he turned again to the fine arts, relating back to his earlier period of constructivism.
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